Jimmy Lai, a prominent pro-democracy advocate and founder of the now-defunct Apple Daily, has taken the stand for the first time in his national security trial in Hong Kong. The 76-year-old media mogul faces accusations of colluding with foreign powers under the controversial National Security Law (NSL), which could lead to a life sentence if convicted.

Lai’s Defense: “Never” Colluded with Foreign Forces

Addressing the court on Wednesday, Lai firmly denied using his connections with foreign officials, such as former U.S. Vice President Mike Pence and Taiwan’s ex-president Tsai Ing-wen, to influence foreign policies on Hong Kong.

During cross-examination, Lai recounted a meeting with Pence, stating he merely shared updates about Hong Kong when asked. Similarly, regarding his discussions with then U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, Lai clarified that he had only urged Pompeo to publicly support Hong Kong’s democratic movement, not to take any direct actions.

Backdrop: A Pro-Democracy Icon on Trial

Lai’s hearing comes amid a broader crackdown on pro-democracy figures in Hong Kong, which has drawn global condemnation. His trial follows the sentencing of 45 activists from the group known as the Hong Kong 47, prominent leaders in the city’s democracy movement. This includes notable figures like Benny Tai and Joshua Wong, who also faced severe penalties under the NSL.

The Apple Daily founder, who appeared in court wearing a brown jacket and glasses, smiled and waved to supporters gathered outside the courtroom. Despite signs of weight loss and frailty, Lai seemed in good spirits as dozens of supporters lined up to show solidarity.

Allegations Under the National Security Law

Lai faces three primary charges: two conspiracy counts for alleged collusion with foreign forces and a third related to the Apple Daily, which authorities accuse of publishing seditious material.

Prosecutors argue that Lai’s interactions with international figures and the Apple Daily’s editorial stance against Beijing represent an organized attempt to undermine China’s sovereignty.

China’s foreign ministry spokesperson Lin Jian labeled Lai a key instigator of what Beijing views as “anti-China chaos” in Hong Kong. However, critics of the NSL view the case as part of Beijing’s campaign to suppress dissent and tighten its control over the semi-autonomous region.

Apple Daily: A Symbol of Hong Kong’s Democratic Aspirations

Apple Daily, a widely-read tabloid known for its staunchly pro-democracy stance, ceased operations in 2021 following a crackdown under the NSL. Authorities froze its assets and arrested senior staff, accusing the publication of inciting subversion.

Lai defended the paper’s mission, arguing that it embodied Hong Kong’s core values, including the rule of law, freedom of speech, democracy, and religious liberty. He emphasized that he opposed violence and never allowed his staff to promote Hong Kong independence, calling such notions “too crazy to think about.”

“The values of Apple Daily reflect the values of Hong Kongers,” Lai said, reaffirming his commitment to peaceful advocacy.

International Reactions and Advocacy for Lai’s Release

Lai’s case has sparked international outcry, with human rights organizations and global leaders calling for his release. U.S. President-elect Donald Trump recently expressed his intent to secure Lai’s freedom, declaring on a podcast that he would “100%” advocate for his release.

British Prime Minister Keir Starmer has also highlighted Lai’s plight, labeling it a “priority” for his administration. During a recent meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping at the G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Starmer voiced concerns about Lai’s declining health and the broader erosion of freedoms in Hong Kong.

Lai, a British citizen, has been held in solitary confinement since his arrest in late 2020. His family and legal team have expressed alarm over his health, pointing to significant weight loss and visible signs of frailty during court appearances.

The Wider Crackdown Under the National Security Law

The NSL, imposed by Beijing in 2020, has led to the arrest of hundreds of activists, lawmakers, and protesters. Chinese authorities argue the law was necessary to restore order following the mass protests of 2019, which were sparked by fears of Beijing encroaching on Hong Kong’s autonomy.

Critics, however, see the NSL as a tool to dismantle the region’s pro-democracy movement and curtail freedoms guaranteed under the “one country, two systems” framework.

Lai is one of the highest-profile individuals targeted under the law, symbolizing the broader struggle for democracy in Hong Kong. His ongoing trial, coupled with the sentencing of other activists, underscores the intensifying crackdown on dissent in the city.

Lai’s Legacy and the Fight for Freedom

Despite the challenges, Lai remains a potent symbol of resistance against authoritarianism. His work with the Apple Daily and his unwavering advocacy for democracy have inspired millions in Hong Kong and beyond.

The trial’s outcome could have far-reaching implications, not only for Lai but also for the broader pro-democracy movement in Hong Kong. As global attention remains fixed on his case, Lai’s defense of fundamental freedoms serves as a reminder of the high stakes involved in the fight for democracy.

As the trial continues, Lai’s steadfast refusal to admit to collusion and his commitment to democratic principles exemplify the resilience of Hong Kong’s pro-democracy activists, even in the face of immense adversity.